Rapamycin Inogona Kuramba Kuchembera?
Muna 1964, chikwata cheCanada chekufambisa chakasvika paIsita Island nechinangwa chekuunganidza seti itsva yemasampuli evhu ekare kuti aone maantimicrobial agents. Mune mabhakitiriya akaparadzaniswa kubva kune imwe yemasampuli, vaongorori vakawana komisheni ine yakakosha antifungal, immunosuppressive, uye anti-tumor zvivakwa. Komboni yacho inonzi rapamycin mushure mekuwanikwa kwayo saiti, uye kumwe kuongorora kunoratidza kuti inodzivirira zvishoma nzira yekuchinjisa chiratidzo inodiwa pakukura kwesero uye kuwanda kuburikidza nekugadzira inoshanda yekuwana yakaoma ne peptidyl prolyl isomerase FKBP12.
1: Chii chinonzi rapamycin?
Rapamycin rudzi rutsva rwemacrolide immunosuppressant chigadzirwa, chainyanya kushandiswa mumatanho ekutanga echigadzirwa kurapa kurambwa kwenhengo. Iine hutano hwakanaka, yakaderera chepfu, uye haina nephrotoxicity. Parizvino, ichiri kushandiswa sechigadzirwa kuchengetedza basa rekudzivirira remuviri wenhengo dzakasimwa, kunyanya kuisirwa kweitsvo, izvo zvinogona kudzikisa kuderera kwekudzivirira kwekudzivirira kunoitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwenhengo. Uye nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi, nyanzvi dzekurapa dzakaona zvishoma nezvishoma kuti mushonga uyu unogona kushandiswa kuchirwere cheAlzheimer.
2: Ndeipi nzira yekuita kwechigadzirwa ichi?
Nzira yakakwana yekuita rapamycin haina kuwanikwa kusvika 1994, apo zvidzidzo zvebiochemical zvakasimbisa kuti nzira yakananga mTOR yerapamycin ndiyo yakanangana nerapamycin FKBP12 yakaoma mumhuka dzinoyamwisa, uye yakawanikwa iine homolog yembiriso yeTOR/DRR gene, iyo yakanga yamboonekwa mu rapamycin resistance gene screening. Mumakore anopfuura makumi maviri zvichitevera zvakawanikwa izvi, tsvakiridzo kubva kumarabhoritari akawanda pasi rose yakaratidza kuti mTOR protein kinase yakakura eukaryotic signing network inoronga kukura kwesero nemamiriro ekunze uye inoita basa rakakosha muphysiology yemasero uye zvipenyu.
3: Chii chakavanzika chekurwisa kuchembera?
Padanho remaserura, kushanduka kwekuchembera kwakangofanana mumhuka, uko kutaura kwemajini kunotanga kubuda kunze kwekutonga nezera, zvichitungamira kukuvadzwa kweDNA izvo zvinoita kuti zviome kuti masero ashande zvakanaka. Kunyange masero emazuva ose anowedzera kusashanda mukugadzira mapuroteni, kubvisa tsvina, uye kugadzirisa zvinenge zvakuvadzwa, anopedzisira amira kushanda uye zvichiita kuti zviomere muviri kupora kubva pakushushikana, zvirwere, uye kukuvara.
Masayendisiti ari kudzidza hupenyu hurefu vakapedza makumi emakore vachitsvaga chaiwo majini nemapuroteni sezvinangwa zvekurapa kuchembera. Zvisinei, chaizvoizvo, kukwegura kwakaoma zvikuru uye kunoperekedzwa nenhamba yakawanda yekuchinja kwemasero panguva imwe chete, uye masayendisiti agara achiwedzeredza kukwanisa kwezvinangwa zvekurwisa kukwegura. Semuenzaniso, protein Sirtuins, iyo inogona kushandiswa zvakananga nemusanganiswa mumatehwe emazambiringa, yakakonzera fungidziro pamusoro petariro inovimbisa yekurwisa kukwegura, zvichiita kuti kugumisa kuti kunwa waini tsvuku ndicho chakavanzika chehutano uye hupenyu hurefu. Zvisinei, data chaiyo yekuedza inoratidza kuti chigadzirwa ichi chinongova nekugadzirisa kwehuwandu hwemasero, zvichiita kuti zvisakwanise kudzivirira kana kuderedza kukwegura kwemasero akawanda.
Mumakumi mashoma emakore apfuura, data kubva kumarabhoritari akasiyana akanongedza kune imwezve puroteni inovimbisa, inova iyo mammalian inonangwa protein yerapamycin (mTOR). Ichi chikamu chenzira yekusaina ine basa rekuzivisa maseru mumuviri wese nguva yekukura uye nguva yekuchengetedza simba. Sezvatinokura, basa reMTOR rinoshanduka zvechokwadi, richiwedzera njodzi yezvinetso zvekudzivirira zvirwere uye kukuvara kwesero.
Zvichienderana nemakumi emakore ekuedzwa, vaongorori vanotenda zvakasimba kuti iyo mTOR yekusaina nzira uye rapamycin inoramba iri miyero yegoridhe yekunangwa yekuchembera yebiological therapies. Kunyange zvazvo kutaura kwokuti rapamycin inotungamirira kusafa hakuvimbiki, data yekuedza ine chekuita nechigadzirwa ichi inosimbisa kuti ine simba guru mukunonoka kukwegura kwe ovarian.
4: Chigadzirwa ichi chingagadzirisa sei chakavanzika chekuchembera ovarian?
Kune inenge hafu yevanhu, chimwe chinhu chine chokwadi sekufa uye mitero: kana mukadzi akwegura zvakakwana, mavhavha ake acharega kuisa mazai uye kuenda kumwedzi kwake kunopera.
Zvinoenderana nekuongororwa kwedata rehupenyu rine chekuita nemhuka dzinoyamwisa, dzinenge mhuka shoma dzinogona kupona kuenda kumwedzi, nekuti kunze kwekupenya kwekupisa uye dikita rehusiku, kuderedzwa kweestrogen panguva yekuenda kumwedzi kunowedzerawo njodzi yezvirwere zvakawanda zvisingaperi, zvinosanganisira chirwere cheAlzheimer, osteoporosis, uye sitiroko. Naizvozvo vamwe vanhu vakatsinhira kubva mumurangariro wemhindumupindu wokuti mhuka dzinoguma kumwedzi hadzina ukoshi hukuru mukuwirirana nemhindumupindu.
Chidzidzo muna 2023 chakawana kuti nhengo dzakasiyana dzinokura pamitengo yakasiyana, uye nhengo dziya dzinounganidza mapuroteni ane chekuita nekuchembera dzinogona kukonzera matambudziko mune ramangwana. Izvi zvechokwadi zvinosimbiswa nenyaya yekuti maovari anokura nekukurumidza kupfuura mamwe matishu ari mumuviri wedu. ”Kunyangwe machende achiburitsa testosterone zvishoma nezvishoma nezera, kudzikira kwawo kunonoka uye zvishoma nezvishoma.Izvi zviri kure nekusagadzikana kwehomoni kwakangoerekana kwaitika panguva yekuenda kumwedzi.
Chigadzirwa chinonzi rapamycin, chinogona kudzora chiitiko cheMTOR, chakapinda zvishoma nezvishoma mubhuku rekuyedza revanoongorora. Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti rapamycin inogona kurambidza kushandiswa kweprimordial follicles (mazai asati akura mumaovari) mumakonzo ekuedza, nokudaro kunonoka kukwegura kwe ovarian. Iyo mTOR inhibitory properties yemishonga iyi inogonawo kuvandudza zviratidzo zvezera rezvirwere zvisingaperi muvanhu.
5: Ko rapamycin inonyatso kunonoka kuchembera ovarian?
Tichifunga nezvekubudirira kwerapamycin murabhoritari, vamwe vanhu vangashamisika kuti sei isu tisati tagadzira uye nekusimudzira zvigadzirwa zverapamycin sezvigadzirwa zvekuchembera ovarian? Kunyanya, kusashanda kwechigadzirwa ichi kwakaderera zvakanyanya.
Chikamu chechikonzero kushaikwa kwe data yakagadzikana yekiriniki yekuyedza iyo inogona kuratidza kugona kwayo kwekurwisa kuchembera. Kudzidza hupenyu hurefu muvanhu kwakaoma nekuti kana zvichienzaniswa nemakonzo kana makonye murabhoritari, hupenyu hwemunhu hwakareba uye zvakanyanya kuoma. Zvisinei, National Institutes of Health (NIH) muUnited States inongopa mari zvirongwa zvekutsvakurudza kwemakore mashomanana panguva, izvo zviri pachena kuti hazvina kukwana. Pamusoro pezvo, rapamycin ine mutengo wakaderera uye yatove pamusika, iyo isingakwanise kupa mikana yakawanda yebhizinesi kumakambani emishonga uye venture capitalists vanowanzo bhadhara matanho ekupedzisira ekugadzirwa kwezvinodhaka.
